1. A. P. de Candolle, ?Géographie botanique,? in Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, XVIII (Strasbourg and Paris, 1820), p. 359; reprinted as Essai élémentaire de géographie botanique (Strasbourg, 1820). This essay summarizes and expands ideas published earlier: ?Explication de la carte botanique de la France,? in Lamarck and de Candolle, Flore française, II (Paris, 1815), p. v; ?Rapport sur un voyage botanique et agronomique dans les départemens de l'ouest ... du sud-ouest ... du sud-est ... de l'est ... du nord-est ... du centre,? Mémoires d'agriculture, d'economie rurale et domestique, publiés par la Société d'Agriculture du département de la Seine, X (Paris, 1807), p. 228; XI (1808), p. 1; XII (1809), p. 210; XIII (1810), p. 203; XIV (1811), p. 213; XV (1812), p. 200; ?Géographie agricole et botanique,? in Nouveau cours complet d'agriculture ou dictionnaire raisonné et universel d'agriculture, VI (Paris, 1809), p. 355, and reprinted in a slightly revised form in VII (Paris, 1822), p. 303; Mémoire sur la géographie des plantes de France, considérée dans ses rapports avec la hauteur absolue,? in Mémoires de Physique et de Chimie de la Société d'Arcueil, 3 (1817), 262, translated as ?On the Effect of Elevation above the Level of the Sea upon the Geography of Plants in France,? in J. Sci. Arts, 4 (New York, 1818), 176; and in abbreviated form as ?Memoir upon the Geography of the Plants of France, Considered More Especially with Regard to Their Height above the Level of the Sea,? in Annals of Philosophy, 6 (London, 1818), p. 408.
2. C. Lyell, Principles of Geology, II (London, 1832). Excellent studies of the importance of Lyell and Prichard are in M. P. Kinch, ?An Assessment of Rival British Theories of Biogeography, 1800?1859, master's thesis, Oregon State University, 1974, and R. A. Richardson, ?The Development of the Theory of Geographical Race Formation: Buffon to Darwin, Ph.D. diss., University of Wisconsin, 1968.
3. J. C. Prichard, Researches into the Physical History of Mankind, 3rd. ed., I (London, 1836), 4th ed., I (London, 1841). According to Stocking (G. W. Stocking, ?Bibliography of James Cowles Prichard,? in J. C. Prichard, Researches in the Physical History of Man [Chicago, 1973], p. cxv), the fourth edition of this work is a reprint of the third edition (5 vols., [London: Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, 1836?1847]). As listed by Stocking, the fourth edition was reprinted by ?Houlston and Stoneman, 1851.? The volume cited is apparently another ?4th edition,? reprinted by the publisher of the third edition. No reference to Candolle appears in either the first or second editions of Prichard (London: John and Arthur Arch, 1813 and 1826). Prichard apparently learned of Candolle from Lyell's Principles.
4. The same is true for many historians, according to Kinch, ?Assessment,? p. 1. Botanists, however, usually begin with Linnaeus or even earlier writers.
5. E. Mayr, ?What is a Fauna,? in Evolution and the Diversity of Life: Selected Essays (Cambridge, Mass.: 1976), p. 552, slightly revised from an article of the same title in Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik, Ökologie und Geographie der Tiere, 92 (1965), 473.