Manipulation speed of light and giant phase shifting: a new quantum-based model for improving efficiency and security of internet of things

Abstract

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is transitioning towards Quantum Computing soon, relying on electromagnetic waves for data transfer within circuits and between IoT devices. This paper introduces a four-level atomic medium controlled by electromagnetic fields to manipulate the speed of light, resulting in subluminal and superluminal information transfer for IoT. Subluminal propagation transmits data at an average rate, while superluminal propagation transfers data faster than conventional methods. The differentiation between these two modes of propagation is determined by the sign of the group index, which is positive for subluminal and negative for superluminal. Our proposed model reports a maximum positive and negative group index of ± 5000. This modified group velocity to become $${v}_{g}=\pm \,c/5000$$ v g = ± c / 5000 enhances IoT information transferring in quantum-based communication. The group delay time is measured to $${t}_{d}=\pm 10 \mu s$$ t d = ± 10 μ s in the medium, which increases the capacity for IoT information storage. The maximum value of normal and anomalous phase shift is reported to $$\Phi =\pm \, 20000$$ Φ = ± 20000 radians at $$60 cm$$ 60 c m lengths of the medium; this effect is used to divide information in sub-set that protect IoT information from different types of attacks and losses.