Tape suture constructs for instabilities of the pubic symphysis: is the idea of motion preservation a suitable treatment option? A cadaver study

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Current gold standard for the treatment of symphyseal disruptions includes anterior plating, almost entirely prohibiting symphyseal mobility and resulting in an iatrogenic arthrodesis followed by high rates of implant failure. Minimally invasive tape suture constructs have been found to maintain the micro mobility of ligamentous injuries, yet still providing sufficient biomechanical stability. Recently, this technique has been primarily investigated for symphyseal disruptions on synthetic pelvic models. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of this novel flexible osteosynthesis on cadaveric pelvic models based on the following hypothesis: tape suture constructs ensure sufficient biomechanical stability without inhibiting micro mobility of the pubic symphysis for the treatment of symphyseal disruptions and maintain stability during long-term loading. Materials and methods 9 cadaveric anterior pelvic rings were used in this study and a symphyseal disruption was created in every specimen. The specimens were then exposed to short- and long-term vertical and horizontal cyclic loading after treatment with a tape suture construct in criss-cross technique. The mean maximum displacement (mm) during cyclic loading and the corresponding stiffness (N/mm) were measured and compared. Results Regarding both displacement (mm) and corresponding stiffness (N/mm), the tape sutures displayed a significant difference between short- and long-term loading for cranial and caudal vertical loading (p < 0.01) but differences remained non-significant for horizontal loading (p > 0.05). No tape suture suffered from implant failure during long-term loading. Conclusions The tape suture construct displayed sufficient biomechanical stability without exceeding the physiological mobility of 2 mm of the pubic symphysis; however, also maintained the desired micro mobility of the affected joint necessary to prevent an iatrogenic arthrodesis. Further, all tape sutures maintained stability throughout long-term loading.