1. Babaoglu, ö., Marzullo, K., Consistent Global States of Distributed Systems: Fundamental Concepts and Mechanisms, in: Mullender, S. (Hrsg.), Distributed Systems, 2. Auflage, Addison-Wesley, Wokingham et al., 1993, S. 55–96
2. Bauer M., Coburn N., Erickson, D., Finnigan, J., Hong, J., Larson, P., Pachl, J., Slonim, J., Taylor, D., Teorey, T., A distributed system architecture for a distributed application environment, in: IBM Systems Journal, Jg. 33, Nr. 3, 1994, S. 399–425
3. Beitz, A., Iannella, R., Vogel, A., Yang, Z., Woo, T., Integrating WWW and middleware, in: MiddlewareSpectra, Jg. 10, Nr. 1, Februar 1996, S. 34–39
4. Berners-Lee, T., Cailliau, R., Luotonen, A., Frystyk, H., Secret, A., The World Wide Web, in: Communications of the ACM, Jg. 37, Nr. 8, August 1994, S. 76–82
5. Bernstein, P., Middleware: A Model for Distributed System Services, in: Communications of the ACM, Jg. 39, Nr. 2, Februar 1996, S. 86–98