Author:
Grimaldi Pierantonio,Russo Antonio,Pisaturo Mariantonietta,Maggi Paolo,Allegorico Enrico,Gentile Ivan,Sangiovanni Vincenzo,Rossomando Annamaria,Pacilio Rossella,Calabria Giosuele,Pisapia Raffaella,Carriero Canio,Masullo Alfonso,Manzillo Elio,Russo Grazia,Parrella Roberto,Dell’Aquila Giuseppina,Gambardella Michele,Ponticiello Antonio,Onorato Lorenzo,Coppola Nicola,Monari Caterina,Sagnelli Caterina,Numis Fabio Giuliano,Rescigno Carolina,Megna Angelo Salomone,Esposito Vincenzo,Punzi Rodolfo,Fusco Francesco Maria,Porta Giovanni,Macera Margherita,Calò Federica,Cascone Angela,Stornaiuolo Gianfranca,Stanzione Maria,Medusa Paola,Nicola Carro,Dell’aquila Andrea,Imbriani Simona,Carmen Ricozzi,Gjeloshi Klodian,Astorri Roberta,Rossomando Anna Maria,Di Lorenzo Mariana,Bosso Giorgio,Serra Claudia,Vicario Ferdinando Dello,Minerva Valentina,De Angelis Giulia,De Pascalis Stefania,Martini Salvatore,Di Caprio Giovanni,Masiello Addolorata,Di Costanzo Domenica,Mazza Mariano,Bianco Vincenzo,Gentile Valeria,Buonomo Antonio Riccardo,Pinchera Biagio,Scotto Riccardo,
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The aim of this study was to investigate how long hospitalized patients stayed positive to the nasopharyngeal swab, and what demographic and clinical factors influence the time-to-negative swab.
Methods
We enrolled in a multicenter, observational, retrospective study involving 17 COVID-19 units in eight cities of the Campania, southern Italy all patients hospitalized from March 2020 to May 2021 diagnosed with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection for whom time-to-negative swab was available.
Results
963 patients were enrolled. We defined three groups considering time-to-negative swab: the first including patients with time-to-negative swab before the 26th day, the second including patients with time-to-negative swab from day 26 to day 39, and the third including patients with time-to-negative swab > 39 days. 721 (74.9%) patients belonged to the first group, 194 (20.1%) to the second, and 52 (5.4%) belonged to the third group. Belonging to group 2 and 3 seemed to be influenced by age (p value < 0.001), Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.009), arterial hypertension (p = 0.02), cardiovascular disease (p = 0.017), or chronic kidney disease (CKD) (p = 0.001). The multivariable analysis confers a leading role to CKD, with an odds ratio of 2.3 as factor influencing belonging to the groups showing a longer time-to-negative swab. Patients with CKD and diabetes were more frequently in the third group.
Discussion
Our analysis showed that CKD is a factor related to longer time-to-negative swab, probably because of immunosuppression related to this condition.
Funder
Regione Campania
Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Medicine
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