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Reference102 articles.
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4. •• Luchey AM, Manimala NJ, Dickinson S, Dhillon J, Agarwal G, Lockhart JL, et al. Change in management based on pathologic second opinion among bladder cancer patients presenting to a comprehensive cancer center: implications for clinical practice. Urology. 2016;93:130–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2016.01.048 This study shows that on secondary review of a large cohort of 1161 bladder resections by genitourinary pathologists 17% of cases showed the presence of variant or non urothelial histologies. There was an agreement with the outside pathologist in only 46% of cases with variant histology, with only 5% of micropapillary and none of the cases of nested and plasmacytoid morphologies, being identified correctly by the outside pathologists. This study underscores the big problem of under-recognition and underreporting of UC variants in general pathology practices.
5. •• Moch H, Humphrey PA, Ulbright TM, Reuter V. WHO classification of tumours of the urinary system and male genital organs. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2016. The WHO 2016 classification has updated the diagnostic criteria, prognostic features and molecular data on the histologic variants of UC. Some of the changes include recognition of the large nested variant of urothelial carcinoma and the signet ring morphology as histological subtypes of the nested variant and plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma, respectively. A new category of poorly differentiated urothelial carcinoma has also been included.
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