Impact of partial pressure of arterial oxygen and radiologic findings on postoperative acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in patients with lung cancer

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To establish accurate diagnostic criteria and predictors of treatment response for postoperative acute exacerbation (AE) in patients with lung cancer and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). Methods Among 93 patients with IIP who underwent surgery for lung cancer, suspected postoperative AE developed in 20 (21.5%). Patients were divided into a progressive AE group, comprising patients with bilateral alveolar opacities and decreasing PaO2 ≥ 10 mmHg (n = 5); an incipient AE group, comprising patients with unilateral alveolar opacities and decreasing PaO2 ≥ 10 mmHg (n = 10); and an indeterminate AE group, comprising patients with alveolar opacities but decreasing PaO2 < 10 mmHg (n = 5). Results The progressive AE group had significantly higher 90-day mortality (80%) than the incipient AE group (10%, P = 0.017) or the indeterminate AE group (0%, P = 0.048). Bilateral opacities may indicate advanced AE and poor prognosis, whereas unilateral opacities may indicate an early stage of AE and a good prognosis. PaO2 < 10 mmHg may indicate conditions other than AE. Conclusions In patients with lung cancer and IIP, decreasing PaO2 and HRCT findings may allow for the initiation of rapid and accurate treatment strategies for postoperative AE.