Assessment of resectability of pancreatic cancer using novel immersive high-performance virtual reality rendering of abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
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Published:2024-01-22
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Volume:
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ISSN:1861-6429
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Container-title:International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Int J CARS
Author:
Kunz Julia MadlainaORCID, Maloca Peter, Allemann Andreas, Fasler David, Soysal Savas, Däster Silvio, Kraljević Marko, Syeda Gulbahar, Weixler Benjamin, Nebiker Christian, Ochs Vincent, Droeser Raoul, Walker Harriet Louise, Bolli Martin, Müller Beat, Cattin Philippe, Staubli Sebastian ManuelORCID
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Virtual reality (VR) allows for an immersive and interactive analysis of imaging data such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study is to assess the comprehensibility of VR anatomy and its value in assessing resectability of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Methods
This study assesses exposure to VR anatomy and evaluates the potential role of VR in assessing resectability of PDAC. Firstly, volumetric abdominal CT and MRI data were displayed in an immersive VR environment. Volunteering physicians were asked to identify anatomical landmarks in VR. In the second stage, experienced clinicians were asked to identify vascular involvement in a total of 12 CT and MRI scans displaying PDAC (2 resectable, 2 borderline resectable, and 2 locally advanced tumours per modality). Results were compared to 2D standard PACS viewing.
Results
In VR visualisation of CT and MRI, the abdominal anatomical landmarks were recognised by all participants except the pancreas (30/34) in VR CT and the splenic (31/34) and common hepatic artery (18/34) in VR MRI, respectively. In VR CT, resectable, borderline resectable, and locally advanced PDAC were correctly identified in 22/24, 20/24 and 19/24 scans, respectively. Whereas, in VR MRI, resectable, borderline resectable, and locally advanced PDAC were correctly identified in 19/24, 19/24 and 21/24 scans, respectively. Interobserver agreement as measured by Fleiss κ was 0.7 for CT and 0.4 for MRI, respectively (p < 0.001). Scans were significantly assessed more accurately in VR CT than standard 2D PACS CT, with a median of 5.5 (IQR 4.75–6) and a median of 3 (IQR 2–3) correctly assessed out of 6 scans (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
VR enhanced visualisation of abdominal CT and MRI scan data provides intuitive handling and understanding of anatomy and might allow for more accurate staging of PDAC and could thus become a valuable adjunct in PDAC resectability assessment in the future.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Health Informatics,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,General Medicine,Surgery,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design,Computer Science Applications,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition,Biomedical Engineering
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