Hidden Hunger and Hidden Danger: Regional Gradients in Rice Grain Nutrient Elements, Vitamins B and E and Toxicants Arsenic and Cadmium Along a North–South Transect of Western Bangladesh
-
Published:2023-07-19
Issue:
Volume:
Page:
-
ISSN:2451-9766
-
Container-title:Exposure and Health
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Expo Health
Author:
Meharg Andrew A.ORCID, Carey ManusORCID, Ralphs KathrynORCID, McCreanor Coalain, Rahman Mukhlesur, Hussain MahmudORCID, Islam M. Rafiqul, Meharg CarolineORCID
Abstract
AbstractHere is presented a study to investigate the geographic variation in rice grain nutrients (trace and macro-elements and vitamins) and toxicants (arsenic species and cadmium) across a contiguous strip of 36 districts that constitute western Bangladesh. The survey collected ~ 500 market rice samples, averaging 15 samples and 10.7 cultivars per district. New LC-MS methods were developed for rice relevant, B and E complex compounds. Cadmium and zinc decreased southward, while copper, DMA, inorganic arsenic and oryzanols decreased northwards. There was a longitudinal gradient for iron, potassium, and vitamin B6. The greatest changes ~ twofold for cadmium and vitamin B6, and 1.5 for zinc across these gradients. The gradients may be driven by climate, geographical setting, soils, or cultivar, or a combination of all. The most obvious gradient was the transition from high to low altitude and from Pleistocene to Holocene soils as land transitioned from the upland plains of the north to sea-level in the south. Rice is a very important source of copper, phosphorus, vitamin B1, and zinc, and to a lesser extent iron, B3, B6, potassium. It is a poor source of vitamin E and calcium.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,Water Science and Technology
Reference48 articles.
1. Abdu AO, Kumssa D, Joy EJM, De Groote H, Lark RM, Broadley MR, Gashu D (2022) Estimates of dietary mineral micronutrient supply from staple cereals in Ethiopia at a district level. Nutrients 14:3469 2. Academies N (2006) Dietary Refence Intakes – the essential guide to nutritional requirements. The National Academies Press, Washington 3. Aguilar-Garcia C, Gavino G, Baragano-Mosqueds M, Hevia P, Gavino VC (2007) Crrelation of tocopherol, tocotrienol, γ-oryzanol and total polyphenol content in rice bran with different antioxidant capacity assays. Food Chem 102:1228–1232 4. Al-Rmali SW, Jenkins RO, Haris PI (2012) Dietary intake of cadmium from Bangladeshi foods. J Food Sci 71:T26–T33 5. Botoman L, Chagumaira C, Mossa AW, Amende T, Ander EL, Bailey EH, Chimungu JG, Gameda S, Gashu D, Haefele SM, Joy EJM, Kumssa DB, Ligowe IS, McGrath SP, Milne AE, Munthali M, Towett E, Walsh MG, Wilson L, Young SD, Broadley MR, Lark RM, Nalivata PC (2022) Soil and landscape factors influence geospatial variation in maize grain zinc concentrations in Malawi. Soil an Sci Rep 12:7986
|
|