Global Sourcing of Low-Inorganic Arsenic Rice Grain
-
Published:2019-11-12
Issue:4
Volume:12
Page:711-719
-
ISSN:2451-9766
-
Container-title:Exposure and Health
-
language:en
-
Short-container-title:Expo Health
Author:
Carey Manus, Meharg Caroline, Williams Paul, Marwa Ernest, Jiujin Xiao, Farias Júlia Gomes, De Silva P. Mangala C. S., Signes-Pastor Antonio, Lu Ying, Nicoloso Fernando Teixeira, Savage Laurie, Campbell Katrina, Elliott Christopher, Adomako Eureka, Green Andy J., Moreno-Jiménez Eduardo, Carbonell-Barrachina Ángel Antonio, Triwardhani Eridha Ayu, Pandiangan Febbyandi Isanda, Haris Parvez I., Lawgali Youssef F., Sommella Alessia, Pigna Massimo, Brabet Catherine, Montet Didier, Njira Keston, Watts Michael J., Meharg Andrew A.ORCID
Abstract
AbstractArsenic in rice grain is dominated by two species: the carcinogen inorganic arsenic (the sum of arsenate and arsenite) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Rice is the dominant source of inorganic arsenic into the human diet. As such, there is a need to identify sources of low-inorganic arsenic rice globally. Here we surveyed polished (white) rice across representative regions of rice production globally for arsenic speciation. In total 1180 samples were analysed from 29 distinct sampling zones, across 6 continents. For inorganic arsenic the global $$\tilde{x}$$
x
~
was 66 μg/kg, and for DMA this figure was 21 μg/kg. DMA was more variable, ranging from < 2 to 690 μg/kg, while inorganic arsenic ranged from < 2 to 399 μg/kg. It was found that inorganic arsenic dominated when grain sum of species was < 100 μg/kg, with DMA dominating at higher concentrations. There was considerable regional variance in grain arsenic speciation, particularly in DMA where temperate production regions had higher concentrations. Inorganic arsenic concentrations were relatively consistent across temperate, subtropical and northern hemisphere tropical regions. It was only in southern hemisphere tropical regions, in the eastern hemisphere that low-grain inorganic arsenic is found, namely East Africa ($$\tilde{x}$$
x
~
< 10 μg/kg) and the Southern Indonesian islands ($$\tilde{x}$$
x
~
< 20 μg/kg). Southern hemisphere South American rice was universally high in inorganic arsenic, the reason for which needs further exploration.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,Water Science and Technology
Reference32 articles.
1. Adeyemi JA, Adedire CO, Martins-Junior AC, Paulelli AC, Awopetu AF, Segura FR, de Oliveira-Souza VC, Batista B, Barbosa F Jr (2017) Arsenic speciation in rice consumed in south-western Nigeria, and estimation of dietary intake of arsenic species through rice consumption. Toxicol Environ Chem 99:999–1006 2. Adomako EA, Williams PN, Deacon C, Meharg AA (2011) Inorganic arsenic and trace elements in Ghanaian grain staples. Environ Pollut 159:2435–2442 3. Carey A-M, Scheckel KH, Lombi E, Newville M, Choi Y, Norton G, Charnock JM, Feldmann J, Price AH, Meharg AA (2010) Grain unloading of arsenic species in rice. Plant Physiol 152:303–319 4. Carey M, Donaldson E, Signes-Pastor AJ, Meharg AA (2018) Dilution of rice with other gluten free grains to lower inorganic arsenic in foods for young children in response to European Union regulations. PLoS ONE 13:e01947000 5. Chen H, Tang Z, Wang P, Zhao FJ (2018) Geographical variations of cadmium and arsenic concentrations and arsenic speciation in Chinese rice. Environ Pollut 238:482–490
Cited by
48 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|