GABoT: A Lightweight Real-Time Adaptable Approach for Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machinery

Abstract

Abstract Purpose As the concept of Industry 4.0 is introduced, the significance of Smart Fault Diagnosis in the industry is increased. Therefore, it is essential to develop accurate, robust, and lightweight intelligent fault diagnosis approach that can be executed in real-time even with embedded systems. Additionally, it is preferable to use a single method for multi-purposes such as the fault detection, identification, and severity assessment. This study proposed a new approach called GaBoT for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery to satisfy those requirements. Method The proposed approach adopted the concept of the ensemble of ensembles by boosting random forest. The statistical features of discrete wavelet transform were considered since they are easy and fast to obtain. Model optimization was conducted by employing genetic algorithm to alleviate the computational load without decreasing the model performance. The proposed approach has been validated by unseen data from an experimental dataset including shaft, rotor, and bearing faults. Results The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach can effectively find the fault type with 99.85% accuracy. Besides, it successfully determines the fault severity by accuracy values between 96.45 and 99.72%. GABoT can also determine the imbalance severity in the presence of three bearing faults. Conclusion Employing GA eliminated most of the redundant features and reduced the model execution time consumption. The results yielded that GABoT is a highly accurate model, and can be utilized in real-time fault diagnosis of rotating machinery.