1. Riess JG (2001) Oxygen carriers (“blood substitutes”)—raison d’etre, chemistry, and some physiology. Chem Rev 101(9):2797–2919
2. Reid TJ (2003) Hb-based oxygen carriers: are we there yet? Transfusion 43:280–287
3. Workshop on Criteria for Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Oxygen Therapeutics as Red Cell Substitutes. Held under the joint auspices of the Food and Drug Administration, National Institute of Health and the Department of Defense. September 27–28, 1999, Natcher Building, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD. http://www.fda.gov/cber/minutes/oxygen092799.doc
4. Winslow RM (1994) Vasoconstriction and the efficacy of hemoglobin-based blood substitutes. Transf Clin Biol 1(1):9–14
5. Hess JR, Macdonald VW, Gomez CS, et al (1994) Increased vascular resistance with hemoglobin based oxygen carriers. Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol 22:361–372