Abstract
AbstractAdenosine is an ubiquitous extracellular signaling molecule and plays a fundamental role in the regulation of coronary microcirculation through activation of adenosine receptors (ARs). Adenosine is regulated by various enzymes and nucleoside transporters for its balance between intra- and extracellular compartments. Adenosine-mediated coronary microvascular tone and reactive hyperemia are through receptors mainly involving A2AR activation on both endothelial and smooth muscle cells, but also involving interaction among other ARs. Activation of ARs further stimulates downstream targets of H2O2, KATP, KV and KCa2+ channels leading to coronary vasodilation. An altered adenosine-ARs signaling in coronary microcirculation has been observed in several cardiovascular diseases including hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease. Adenosine as a metabolite and its receptors have been studied for its both therapeutic and diagnostic abilities. The present review summarizes important aspects of adenosine metabolism and AR-mediated actions in the coronary microcirculation.
Funder
Hjärt-Lungfonden
Karolinska Institutet
Loo och Hans Ostermans Stiftelse för Medicinsk Forskning
Stiftelsen Lars Hiertas Minne
the National Key R&D Program of China
the Project First-Class Disciplines Development of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
National Natural Science Foundation of China
the Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province
Karolinska Institute
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Physiology (medical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Physiology
Cited by
27 articles.
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