1. Milligan E, Morgan C, Jones et al. (1973) Surgical anatomy of the anal canal and the operative treatment of haemorrhoids. Lancet 1:1119?1124
2. Bennet RC, Friedman MHW, Goligher JC (1963) Late results of haemorrhoidectomy by ligature and excision. Br Med J 2:216?219
3. Goligher JC (1984) Surgery of the Anus Rectum and Colon. 5th edn Bailliere Tindall London p 132
4. Hughes E, Cuthbertson AM, Killingback MK (1983) Colorectal surgery. Churchill Livingstone NY, p 192
5. Mann CV (1983) In Rob and Smith's Operative surgery 4th Edn Alimentary Tract and Abdominal wall. Eds Todd P, Fielding LP, p 498