1. Article 119 of the Basic Law authorizes the Federal Government to issue ordinances with the consent of the Bundesrat in relation to refugees and expellees pending Federal legislation in this regard. Compare articles 123 and 213 of the Constitution of India which authorize respectively the President and the Governors of the states to issue ordinances when the Parliament or the state legislature as the case may be is not in session.
2. See articles 34 and 37 of the Constitution of France. Also see David R: English Law and French Law, 74ff. (1980) and Schwartz B: French Administrative Law and the Common Law World, 89 ff. (1954).
3. See the empowering laws of 13 October 1923, 8 Dec 1923 and 24 March 1933.
4. Below, p94. For their position in English and Indian law see respectively Wade HWR: Administrative Law, 561 f. and 743 ff. (5th ed, 1982) and Ramana y IAAuthority of India, AIR 1979 SC 1628, 1636. Also Rajamallaiah y Anil Kishore, AIR 1980 SC 1502.
5. Below, p70.