1. See Mary Shaw and James E. Tomayko, Models for Undergraduate Project Courses in Software Engineering (Pittsburgh, 1991); James E. Tomayko, ed., Proceedings of the 5 th Software Engineering Education Conference, SEI Conference on Software Engineering Education, Pittsburgh, P.A., October 7–8, 1991 (Berlin, New York, 1991); James E. Tomayko, Teaching a Project-Intensive Introduction to Software Engineering, Technical report, Software Engineering Institute, CMU/SEI-87-TR-20 (Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute, 1987); and Gary Ford, Norman Gibbs, and James E. Tomayko, Software Engineering Education: An Interim Report from the Software Engineering Institute’, Technical Report, Software Engineering Institute, CMU/SEI-87-TR-8 (Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute, 1987).
2. Eugene S. Ferguson, Engineering and the Mind’s Eye (Cambridge, 1994).
3. The information on Edison shows best in the four volumes of his published papers: Thomas Alva Edison, The Papers of Thomas A. Edison, vol. 1 ; The Making of an Inventor, February 1847-June 1873\ vol. 2, From Workshop to Laboratory, June 1873-March 1876; vol. 3, Menlo Park: The Early Years, April 1876-December 1877; vol. 4, Wizard of Menlo Park 1878, ed. Reese V. Jenkins et al. (Baltimore, 1989). Others who have discussed Edison’s style include Paul Israel, Edison: A Life of Invention (New York, 1998) and Robert Friedel and Paul Israel, with Bernard S. Finn, Edison’s Electric Light: Biography of an Invention (New Brunswick, 1987).
4. United States, Office of Scientific Research and Development, Science, The Endless Frontier (Washington, 1945, 1960).
5. On Smeaton, see J. S. Allen, “Steam Engines,” in John Smeaton, FRS, ed. A. W. Skempton (London, 1981), 179–94; on Rankine, see David F. Channeil, “The Harmony of Theory and Practice: The Engineering Science of W. J. M. Rankine,” Technology and Culture 23 (1982): 39–52. For a general comment on the relationship of science and technology, see Derek de