KPNB1 modulates the Machado–Joseph disease protein ataxin-3 through activation of the mitochondrial protease CLPP

Author:

Abeditashi MahkamehORCID,Weber Jonasz JeremiaszORCID,Pereira Sena PriscilaORCID,Velic AnaORCID,Kalimeri MariaORCID,Incebacak Eltemur Rana DilaraORCID,Schmidt JanaORCID,Hübener-Schmid JeannetteORCID,Hauser StefanORCID,Macek BorisORCID,Riess OlafORCID,Schmidt ThorstenORCID

Abstract

AbstractMachado–Joseph disease (MJD) is characterized by a pathological expansion of the polyglutamine (polyQ) tract within the ataxin-3 protein. Despite its primarily cytoplasmic localization, polyQ-expanded ataxin-3 accumulates in the nucleus and forms intranuclear aggregates in the affected neurons. Due to these histopathological hallmarks, the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery has garnered attention as an important disease relevant mechanism. Here, we report on MJD cell model-based analysis of the nuclear transport receptor karyopherin subunit beta-1 (KPNB1) and its implications in the molecular pathogenesis of MJD. Although directly interacting with both wild-type and polyQ-expanded ataxin-3, modulating KPNB1 did not alter the intracellular localization of ataxin-3. Instead, overexpression of KPNB1 reduced ataxin-3 protein levels and the aggregate load, thereby improving cell viability. On the other hand, its knockdown and inhibition resulted in the accumulation of soluble and insoluble ataxin-3. Interestingly, the reduction of ataxin-3 was apparently based on protein fragmentation independent of the classical MJD-associated proteolytic pathways. Label-free quantitative proteomics and knockdown experiments identified mitochondrial protease CLPP as a potential mediator of the ataxin-3-degrading effect induced by KPNB1. We confirmed reduction of KPNB1 protein levels in MJD by analyzing two MJD transgenic mouse models and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from MJD patients. Our results reveal a yet undescribed regulatory function of KPNB1 in controlling the turnover of ataxin-3, thereby highlighting a new potential target of therapeutic value for MJD.

Funder

Federal Ministry of Education and Research

German Academic Exchange Service

Universitätsklinikum Tübingen

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Cell Biology,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Pharmacology,Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine

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