Ethical Challenges in Care of Patients on Mechanical Circulatory Support at End-of-Life

Author:

Pak Esther S.,Jones Christopher A.,Mather Paul J.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Physiology (medical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Emergency Medicine

Reference32 articles.

1. Long JW, Healy AH, Rasmusson BY, Cowley CG, Nelson KE, Kfoury AG, et al. Improving outcomes with long-term “destination” therapy using left ventricular assist devices. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2008;135:1353–61.

2. Lietz K, Long JW, Kfoury AG, Slaughter MS, Silver MA, Milano CA, et al. Outcomes of left ventricular assist device implantation as destination therapy in the post-REMATCH era: implications for patient selection. Circulation. 2007;116:497–505.

3. • Dunlay SM, Strand JJ, Wordingham SE, Stulak JM, Luckhardt AJ, Swetz KM. Dying with a left ventricular assist device as destination therapy. Circ Heart Fail. 2016 [cited 2020 Jan 19];9. Available from: https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003096 . Accessed 1/5/2020. This study demonstrated among 89 deaths of patients on LVAD support, there was low hospice utilization. The majority of deaths occurred in the ICU setting. Palliative care was consulted in half of the patients.

4. •• Nakagawa S, Ando M, Takayama H, Takeda K, Garan AR, Yuill L, et al. Withdrawal of Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Retrospective Analysis from a Single Institution. J Palliat Med. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2019.0322 This study was a recent retrospective review of 62 patients on LVAD support who had LVAD deactivation before December 2018 and analyzed outcomes such as place of death, frequency of palliative care involvement, time from request for LVAD deactivation to completion, and frequency of ethics consultation.

5. •• Mueller PS, Swetz KM, Freeman MR, Carter KA, Crowley ME, Severson CJA, et al. Ethical analysis of withdrawing ventricular assist device support. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85:791–7 In this analysis, authors conclude that the cause of death in LVAD patients is progression of underlying heart disease, not physician assisted suicide or euthanasia. Thus, patients may request LVAD deactivation if the burdens of LVAD treatment outweigh their benefits.

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