1. Mangram AJ, Horan TC, Pearson ML, et al. Guidelines for prevention of surgical site infection, 1999. Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Am J Infect Control. 1999;27:97-134.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Detailed diagnosis and procedures National hospital discharge survey 1994, Vital Health Stat. Hyattsville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services; 1997.
3. Cheadle WG. Risk factors for surgical site infections. Surg Infect. 2006;2(Supple 1):S7-S11.
4. Haley RW, Culver DH, White JW, Morgan WM, Emori TG. The nationwide nosocomial infection rate: A new need for vital statistics. Am J Epidemiol. 1985;121:159-167.
5. Khuri SF, Daley J, Henderson W, et al. The National Veterans Administration Surgical Risk Study. Risk adjustment for comparative assessment of the quality of surgical care. J Am Coll Surg. 1995;34:553-562.