Immune restoration inflammatory syndromes: The dark side of successful antiretroviral treatment
Author:
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Infectious Diseases
Link
http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11908-003-0083-x.pdf
Reference91 articles.
1. Behrens GM, Meyer D, Stoll M, Schmidt RE: Immune reconstitution syndromes in human immuno-deficiency virus infection following effective antiretroviral therapy. Immunobiology 2000, 202:186–193.
2. French MA, Lenzo N, John M, et al.: Immune restoration disease after the treatment of immunodeficient HIV-infected patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy. HIV Med 2000, 1:107–115. Excellent overview of about 33 cases of immune restoration disease. The study was performed monocentric in Perth on 179 patients who stared HAART during a consecutive 10-month period. The reported cases with IRIS reflect a quarter of the 132 patients successfully treated with HAART. Therefore, this study characterizes a realistic spectrum of disease. Pathophysiologic aspects of these cases have been investigated and discussed by a group of immunologists and clinicians.
3. Cheng VC, Yuen KY, Chan WM, et al.: Immunorestitution disease involving the innate and adaptive response. Clin Infect Dis 2000, 30:882–892. The outstanding merit of this review of more than hundred cases is the broad definition of immunorestoration disease, which may not be exclusively related to HIV infection and T-cell immunodeficiencies.
4. Egger M, May M, Chene G, et al.: Prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy: a collaborative analysis of prospective studies. Lancet 2002, 360:119–129. One of the most recent and best founded answers to the classic question in antiretroviral treatment: “When to start?” The study did not investigate immune restoration diseases but progression to AIDS or death in more than 12,000 patients after commencement of HAART. The high progression rate in patients with advanced immunodeficiency, especially in the first months after initiation of HAART, may reflect cases in which AIDSdefining disease had been unmasked by IRIS.
5. Mocroft A, Vella S, Benfield TL, et al.: Changing patterns of mortality across Europe in patients infected with HIV-1. EuroSIDA Study Group. Lancet 1998, 352:1725–1730.
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