Circulatory system disease mortality and occupational exposure to radon progeny in the cohort of Newfoundland Fluorspar Miners between 1950 and 2016

Abstract

Abstract Objectives Exposure to ionizing radiation may increase the risk of circulatory diseases, including heart disease. A limited number of cohort studies of underground miners have investigated these associations. We previously reported a positive but non-statistically significant association between radon progeny and heart disease in a cohort of Newfoundland fluorspar miners. In this study, we report updated findings that incorporate 15 additional years of follow-up. Methods The cohort included 2050 miners who worked in the fluorspar mines from 1933 to 1978. Statistics Canada linked the personal identifying data of the miners to Canadian mortality data to identify deaths from 1950 to 2016. We used previously derived individual-level estimates of annual radon progeny exposure in working-level months. Cumulative exposure was categorized into quantiles. We estimated relative risks and their 95% confidence intervals using Poisson regression for deaths from circulatory, ischemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. Relative risks were adjusted for attained age, calendar year, and the average number of cigarettes smoked daily. Results Relative to the Newfoundland male population, the standardized mortality ratio for circulatory disease in this cohort was 0.82 (95% CI 0.74–0.91). Those in the highest quantile of cumulative radon progeny exposure had a relative risk of circulatory disease mortality of 1.03 (95% CI 0.76–1.40) compared to those in the lowest quantile. The corresponding estimates for ischemic disease and acute myocardial infarction were 0.99 (95% CI 0.66–1.48), and 1.39 (95% CI 0.84–2.30), respectively. Conclusions Our findings do not support the hypothesis that occupational exposure to radon progeny increases the risk of circulatory disease.