1. Guodian chumu zhujian. 郭店楚墓竹簡. 1998. Beijing: Wenwu chubanshe. (Bamboo slips from the Chu Tomb at Guodian, dated at no later than 278 BCE.)
2. Han historical texts. 1999. The Great Han Historians. Trans. Burton Watson. In Sources of Chinese tradition: From earliest times to 1600, vol. 1, ed. William T. De Bary and Irene Bloom, 367–374. New York: Columbia University Press. (Translations of and commentary on excerpts of Han historical texts.)
3. Laozi. Daodejing: “Making this life significant.” 1998. Trans. Roger T. Ames and David L. Hall. New York: Ballantine Books. (Translation of the Mawangdui versions; includes detailed commentary.)
4. Laozi. The way of Laozi (Tao-te ching). 1963. Trans. Wing-tsit Chan. Princeton: Prentice-Hall. (Translation based on consultation with the Wang Bi 王弼 (226–249 CE) and Heshang Gong 河上公 versions.)
5. Laozi. Lao Tzu: Tao Te Ching. 1963. Trans. Dim Cheuk Lau. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. (Translation based primarily on the Wang Bi version.)