Radiation Retinopathy

Abstract

Abstract Purpose of the Review. In this review, we bring together recent developments in the detection and management of radiation retinopathy. Recent Findings Research into OCT-angiography for radiation retinopathy has led to the identification of biomarkers of early radiation-induced changes in the retinal microvasculature including focal capillary loss and vascular remodeling. These microvasculature changes are detectable after exposure to radiation but prior to the emergence of classical clinical markers historically used to diagnose radiation retinopathy. The ability to detect subclinical changes may present the need to redefine radiation retinopathy diagnostic criteria which may ultimately impact management. Additionally, explorations into prophylactic treatment following radiation exposure and development of newer anti-VEGF agents may present more options for retinal specialists to prevent or treat vision loss and retinal vasculopathy from radiation exposure. Summary Currently, anti-VEGF injections and/or intravitreal steroids remain the primary treatment following a diagnosis of radiation retinopathy. However, a mainstay treatment and management strategy have not yet been identified. In the future, new anatomical endpoints for radiation retinopathy may be identified with OCT-angiography while prophylactic treatment with anti-VEGF agents following radiation therapy may reduce initial vision loss and changes to the retina.