Experimental investigation to understand the effect of fracturing fluid on the geomechanical behavior of mowry shale

Abstract

AbstractHydraulic fracturing of shale reservoirs is one of the important technologies in the oil and gas industry. To ensure the safe operation of oil and gas recovery, it is important to study the shale-fluid interactions on the geomechanical behavior of shale. This study investigated the effect of fracturing fluid treatment on the mechanical and elastic properties of the Mowry Shale formation, Wyoming, USA. Cylindrical Mowry Shale specimens with a diameter of 12.5 mm collected from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and School of Energy Resources (SER) of the University of Wyoming were treated with brine and brine + stimulation fluid for one month each at pressures of 9 and 11.7 MPa and temperatures of 96 and 66 °C, respectively. Triaxial compression experiments were conducted on the specimens. Results showed that all Mowry Shale specimens experienced an increase in maximum volumetric strain with the increase in effective confining pressure (Pd). Regardless of aging fluids, the maximum deviatoric stress (Δσd) of most Mowry Shale specimens increases with the increase in Pd. At a lower Pd, the USGS specimen aged with brine and stimulation fluid exhibits higher maximum Δσd than those aged with brine only. However, at a higher Pd, the USGS specimen aged with brine exhibits a higher maximum Δσd. SER specimens aged with brine and stimulation fluid exhibit higher maximum Δσd values than those aged with brine for all three Pd values. Regardless of the aging fluids, most USGS specimens experience a brittle failure mode, while SER specimens aged with brine and stimulation fluid experienced a more ductile behavior.