Dose-dependent effects of netarsudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, on the distal outflow tract

Author:

Chen Si,Waxman Susannah,Wang Chao,Atta Sarah,Loewen Ralitsa,Loewen Nils A.ORCID

Abstract

Abstract Purpose To characterize the effects of netarsudil on the aqueous humor outflow tract distal to the trabecular meshwork (TM). We hypothesized that netarsudil increases outflow facility in eyes with and without circumferential ab interno trabeculectomy (AIT) that removes the TM. Methods Sixty-four porcine anterior segment cultures were randomly assigned to groups with (n = 32) and without circumferential AIT (n = 32). Cultures were exposed to 0.1, 1, and 10 μM netarsudil (N = 8 eyes per concentration). For each concentration, IOP and vessel diameters were compared with their respective pretreatment baselines. Outflow tract vessel diameters were assessed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) and rendered in 4D (XYZ time series). Results Netarsudil at 1 μM reduced IOP both in eyes with TM (− 0.60 ± 0.24 mmHg, p = 0.01) and in eyes without TM (− 1.79 ± 0.42 mmHg, p < 0.01). At this concentration, vessels of the distal outflow tract dilated by 72%. However, at 0.1 μM netarsudil elevated IOP in eyes with TM (1.59 ± 0.36 mmHg, p < 0.001) as well as in eyes without TM (0.23 ± 0.32 mmHg, p < 0.001). Vessels of the distal outflow tract constricted by 31%. Similarly, netarsudil at a concentration of 10 μM elevated IOP both in eyes with TM (1.91 ± 0.193, p < 0.001) and in eyes without TM (3.65 ± 0.86 mmHg, p < 0.001). At this concentration, outflow tract vessels constricted by 27%. Conclusion In the porcine anterior segment culture, the dose-dependent IOP changes caused by netarsudil matched the diameter changes of distal outflow tract vessels. Hyper- and hypotensive properties of netarsudil persisted after TM removal.

Funder

Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg

National Eye Institute

Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh

National Institutes of Health

Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Research to Prevent Blindness

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Sensory Systems,Ophthalmology

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