Intramedullary headless screw fixation for fractures of the proximal phalanges of the hand: a three-year follow-up

Abstract

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of trans-articular intramedullary fixation using cannulated headless screws for proximal phalanx fractures in the hand. Background Various surgical techniques have been described for the fixation of proximal phalanx fractures, with Kirschner wires, plates, and screws being commonly used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of trans-articular intramedullary fixation using cannulated headless screws for proximal phalanx fractures in the hand. Methods Eight patients, with nine proximal phalanx fractures, treated with intramedullary screw fixation, were included for a follow-up visit three years post-surgery. Subjective and objective outcome measures were assessed using the Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ), active range of motion (aROM), grip strength, conventional X-rays, and digital tomosynthesis images. Methods Eight patients, with nine proximal phalanx fractures, treated with intramedullary screw fixation, were included for a follow-up visit three years post-surgery. Subjective and objective outcome measures were assessed using the Michigan Hand Questionnaire (MHQ), active range of motion (aROM), grip strength, conventional X-rays, and digital tomosynthesis images. Results We observed a mean MHQ score of 83%, a total aROM of 216.4°, and a Jamar grip strength of 29.9 kg in the injured hand. Digital tomosynthesis revealed complete fracture consolidation in all cases. Joint arthrosis was detected in only one case, attributed to a misplaced screw. Conclusions Our findings indicate favorable long-term clinical outcomes, including range of motion, grip strength, patient satisfaction, and prevention of joint damage, with the use of intramedullary headless screw fixation. Level of evidence: Level IV, Therapeutic