The prevalence and outcomes of depression in older HIV-positive adults in Northern Tanzania: a longitudinal study

Author:

Dua DamneekORCID,Stubbs Oliver,Urasa Sarah,Rogathe Jane,Duijinmaijer Ashanti,Howlett William,Dekker Marieke,Kisoli Aloyce,Mukaetova-Ladinska Elizabeta B.,Gray William K.,Lewis Thomas,Walker Richard W.,Dotchin Catherine L.,Lwezuala Bingileki,Makupa Philip C.,Paddick Stella Maria

Abstract

AbstractStudies of depression and its outcomes in older people living with HIV (PLWH) are currently lacking in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in PLWH aged ≥ 50 years in Tanzania focussing on prevalence and 2-year outcomes of depression. PLWH aged ≥ 50 were systematically recruited from an outpatient clinic and assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Neurological and functional impairment was assessed at year 2 follow-up. At baseline, 253 PLWH were recruited (72.3% female, median age 57, 95.5% on cART). DSM-IV depression was highly prevalent (20.9%), whereas other DSM-IV psychiatric disorders were uncommon. At follow-up (n = 162), incident cases of DSM-IV depression decreased from14.2 to 11.1% (χ2: 2.48, p = 0.29); this decline was not significant. Baseline depression was associated with increased functional and neurological impairment. At follow-up, depression was associated with negative life events (p = 0.001), neurological impairment (p < 0.001), and increased functional impairment (p = 0.018), but not with HIV and sociodemographic factors. In this setting, depression appears highly prevalent and associated with poorer neurological and functional outcomes and negative life events. Depression may be a future intervention target.

Funder

Grand Challenges Canada

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Virology,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Neurology (clinical),Neurology

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