Eye muscle antibodies in Graves’ ophthalmopathy: Pathogenic or secondary epiphenomenon?

Author:

Mizokami T.,Salvi M.,Wall Jack R.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Reference67 articles.

1. Wall JR. Graves’ disease is a multi-system autoimmune disorder in which extra ocular muscle damage and connective tissue inflammation are variable features. Thyroid 2002, 12: 35–6.

2. Burch HB, Gorman CA, Bahn RS, Garrity JA. Ophthalmopathy. In: Braverman LE, Utiger RD eds. Werner and Ingbar’s the thyroid. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. 2000, 531.

3. Solovyeva TP. Endocrine ophthalmopathies. Problems of rational classification. Orbit 1989, 3: 193–8

4. Kasper M, Archibald C, De Bellis AM, et al. Eye muscle antibodies and subtype of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Proc Intl Symp on Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy, Kyoto, Japan, October 2000. Thyroid 2000, 12(Suppl.): 187–91.

5. Miller A, Arthurs B, Boucher A, et al. Significance of antibodies reactive with a 64-kDa eye muscle membrane antigen in patients with thyroid autoimmunity. Thyroid 1992, 2: 197–202.

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