1. R. Audi, ‘Violence, Legal Sanctions, and Law Enforcement’, in S. M. Stanage (ed.), Reason and Violence ( Oxford: Blackwells, 1974 ) p. 33.
2. R. Audi, ‘On the Meaning and Justification of Violence’, in J. A. Shaffer (ed.), Violence ( New York: David McKay, 1971 ) p. 51.
3. N. Garver, ‘What Violence is’, in A. K. Bierman, and J. A. Gould (eds), Philosophy for a New Generation ( London: Macmillan, 1970 ) p. 359.
4. But cf. C. A. J. Coady, ‘The Idea of Violence’, Journal of Applied Philosophy vol. 3, no. 1 (1986), pp. 3–19. Coady argues against structuralist definitions because they are too wide, and against legitimist definitions ‘which incorporate some strong notion of illegitimacy into the very meaning of violence’.
5. J. Galtung, ‘Violence, Peace and Peace Research’, Journal of Peace Research 6 (1969), p. 168 as quoted by