1. S. Kuznets, ‘Quantitative Aspects of the Economic Growth of Nations: X-Ievels and Structure of Foreign Trade: Long-term Trends’, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 15 (2) Part II (January 1967) pp. 1–45.
2. In 1993. Source: Tables 5 and 6 in World Bank, Global Economic Prospects and the Developing Countries (Washington: World Bank, 1995).
3. I. Wallerstein, The Capitalist-World Economy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979) p. 15.
4. I. Wallerstein, ibid. For an excellent discussion on Wallerstein’s additions to Marx’s model, see Christopher Chase-Dunn, Global Formation, Structures of the World-Economy (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1991) especially Part 1, Chapter 1.
5. S. Amin, Imperialism and Unequal Exchange (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1977).