1. Among the most prominent of recent works that belong to the second of these categories, see Leslek Kolakowski, Main Currents of Marxism, 3 vols (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978).
2. For a particularly important exposition, with which I have a great deal of sympathy, see Cornelius Castoriadis, ‘Le Marxisme: bilan provisoire’, in L’institution imaginaire de la société (Paris: Editions du Seuil, 1975).
3. Rudolf Bahro, The Alternative in Eastern Europe (London: New Left Books, 1978).
4. Jürgen Habermas, ‘Toward the Reconstruction of Historical Materialism’, in Communication and the Evolution of Society (Boston: Beacon, 1979).
5. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The German Ideology (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1965) p. 39.