1. For example, G. Monsma, ‘Marginal Revenue and the Demand for Physicians’ Services’, in H. Klarman (ed.), Empirical Studies in Health Economics (Baltimore: John Hopkins Press, 1970) surveys data on the response of physician practice patterns to rates of payment. U. Reinhardt, ‘An Analysis of Physicians’ Practices’, unpublished doctoral dissertation (Yale Univ., 1970) calculates rates of payment per minute for several types of common activities and notes how these bias activities. The Task Force Reports on Costs of Health Services in Canada (Ottawa: The Queen’s Printer, 1970) note instances of specific responses to fee schedule revisions—sharp increases in activities whose relative price had risen—as well as general ‘over-doctoring’ in areas with relatively large physician stocks as procedures were multiplied to maintain incomes. The list could go on indefinitely.