1. This navy recruited cadets until 1922. Most of its ships, which also included two old cruisers, ten modern destroyers and four submarines, were scrapped in the 1930s. Krylov visited them when it was proposed to return them to the USSR, but the French senate voted against this restitution.
2. Morskiye zapiski, vol. 5, 1, 44–5, gives some figures: there were almost 2200 executive officers in 1915 and of the 1859 of whom there were records in 1946, 536 were dead, 908 abroad, and 415 in the USSR.
3. Morskiye zapiski, vol. 17, 2, 68–70.
4. Voenno-istoricheskii zhurnal, 3, 1990, 54.
5. After 1924 the RVS supervised the Defence Commissariat, as a kind of collegium, and was a supreme body responsible for defence matters; the Defence Commissar was usually also the RVS chairman.