1. G. Herken, The Winning Weapon: The Atomic Bomb in the Cold War, 1945–50 (New York; Random House/Vintage, 1981), pp. 425.
2. S. Hoffman, ‘New Variations on Old Themes’, International Security, vol. 4, no. 1 (Summer 1979) pp. 88–107.
3. S. Hoffman, ‘Nato and Nuclear Weapons’, Dead Ends; American Foreign Policy in the New Cold War, Chapter 2, (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger, 1983) pp. 219–41.
4. L. Freedman, The Evolution of Nuclear Strategy, (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1981), p. 473.
5. J. Joffe, ‘Allies, Angst, and Arms Control: New Troubles for an Old Partnership’, in M. McGraw Olive and J.D. Porro (eds), Nuclear Weapons in Europe, (Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, 1983), pp. 21–37.