1. See, for instance, Carlos Diaz-Alejandro in Albert Fishlow et al., Rich and Poor Nations in the World Economy (New York: McGraw Hill, 1978).
2. For further discussion of self-reliant strategies, see Johan Galtung, Peter O’Brien, and Roy Preiswerk, eds., Self-Reliance: A Strategy for Development (London: Bogle-L’Ouverture, 1980).
3. William J. Foltz, From French West Africa to the Mali Federation (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1965);
4. Colin Leys and Cranford Pratt, eds., A New Deal in Central Africa (New York: Praeger, 1961).
5. Steven Langdon and Lynn K. Mytelka, “Africa in the Changing World Economy,” in Colin Legum et al., Africa in the 1980s (New York: McGraw Hill, 1979);