1. Turing, A. M. (1950). Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind, 49, 433
2. See, for example, (a) Penrose, R. (1989) The Emperor’s New Mind, Oxford University Press, Oxford;
3. Searle, J. (1987) Minds and brains without programs. In Mindwaves, ed. Blakemore, C. and Greenfield, S. A., Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 209–233;
4. Gregory, R. (1987) In defence of artificial intelligence — a reply to John Searle. In Mindwaves, ed Blakemore, C. and Greenfield, S. A., Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 235–244; (d) Collins, H. (1992) Will machines ever think?, New Scientist, 20 June, 36–40
5. There are a great number of introductory and advanced volumes which describe the techniques and applications of AI. This is a very limited selection of the texts in this field: (a) Barr, A. and Feigenbaum, E. A. (Eds)(1981) The Handbook of Artificial Intelligence (3 vols), William Kaufmann, Los Altos, Cal.;