1. For the fall of the Yuan and the rise of the Ming, see John W. Dardess, Conquerors and Confucians. Aspects of Political Change in Late Yuan China (Columbia University Press, New York and London 1973);
2. L. Carrington Goodrich and Chaoying Fang, Dictionary of Ming Biography, 2 vols (Columbia University Press, New York and London 1976).
3. For the Islamic revival in the West, see Stanford J. Shaw, History of the Ottomon Empire and Modern Turkey. Vol. I. Empire of the Gazis: The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire, 1280–1808 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976);
4. Godfrey Goodwin,A History of Ottoman Architecture (Thames and Hudson, London 1971);
5. Halil Inalcik, The Ottoman Empire, The Classic Age 1300–1600 (Weidenfeld and Nicholson, London 1973).