1. Cartoon entitled ‘The First Female Leader of a Muslim Nation takes Revenge’ by Tony Auth in the in the Philadelphia Inquirer (Philadelphia), 18 November 1988.
2. Government of Pakistan, Report of the Pakistan Commission on the Status of Women (Islamabad: Government of Pakistan Press, 1986) p. 31.
3. cited in Sarfraz Hussain Mirza, Muslim Women’s Role in the Pakistan Movement (Lahore: Research Society of Pakistan, second edition, 1981) p. 7 [emphasis added].
4. See Hanna Papenek, ‘Purdah: Separate Worlds and Symbolic Shelter’, in Hanna Papanek and Gail Minault (eds), Separate Worlds: Studies of Purdah in South Asia (Misouri: South Asia books, 1982) pp. 3–53.
5. Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanawi, Bihishti Zewar, in Urdu (Lahore: Taj Company, 1344 hijri [1923]).