1. Paul Kennedy, The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000 (New York: Random House, 1987)
2. Joseph S. Nye, Jr, Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power (New York: Basic Books, 1990)
3. John Lewis Gaddis, The United States and the End of the Cold War: Implications, Reconsiderations, Provocations (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992).
4. See, for example, John J. Mearsheimer, ‘Back to the Future: Instability in Europe after the Cold War’, International Security 15:1, Summer 1990, 5–56
5. Robert O. Keohane, Joseph S. Nye, Jr, and Stanley Hoffmann, After the Cold War: International Institutions and State Strategies in Europe, 1989–1991 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993)