1. C. Maier, The Unmasterable Past: History, Holocaust, and German National Identity (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988), pp. 49–50.
2. See Tom W. Smith, “An Experimental Comparison of Clustered and Scattered Scale Items,” Social Psychology Quarterly46 (1983): 163–168.
3. M. Lane Bruner, “Rhetorics of the State: The Public Negotiation of Political Character in Germany, Russia, and Quebec,” National Identities 2, no. 2 (2000): 161.
4. Harry Pross, “On German Identity,” Media, Culture, and Society 13 (1991): 346.
5. Konrad H. Jarausch, The Rush to German Unity (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 204.