1. Paul Noble, ‘The Arab System: Pressures, Constraints and Opportunities’, in Bahgat Korany and Ali E. Hillal Dessouki, The Foreign Policies of Arab States, Westview Press (Westview, Boulder, Colo., 1991), pp. 62–5;
2. Bassam Tibi, ‘Structural and Ideological Change in the Arab Subsystem Since the Six Day War’, in Yehuda Lukas and Abdalla M. Battah, The Arab-Israeli Conflict’ Two Decades of Change (Westview, Boulder, Colo., 1988), 147–63.
3. Fouad Ajami, ‘Stress in the Arab Triangle’, Foreign Policy, 29 (1977–78), pp. 90–198.
4. Michael Hudson, Arab Politics: The Search for Legitimacy (Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn., 1977), pp. 33–55;
5. Eberhard Kienle, Ba’th vs. Ba’th: The Conflict between Syria and Iraq, 1968–1989 (Tauris, London, 1990), pp. 1–30.