1. Howard S. Becker,Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance (New York, NY: Free Press, 1963).
2. Lee H. Bowker and Malcolm W. Klein, ?The Etiology of Female Juvenile Delinquency and Gang Membership: a Test of Psychological and Social Structural Explanations,?Adolescence, 1983 (Vol. XVIII, No. 72).
3. Anne Campbell,The Girls in the Gang (Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1991).
4. William J. Chambliss, ?The Saints and the Roughnecks,?Society, 1973 (11) 24?31.
5. Meda Chesney-Lind, Nancy Marker, Ivette Rodriguez-Stern, Allison Yap, Valerie Song, Howard Reyes, Yolanda Reyes, Jeffrey Stern and JoAnn Taira,Gangs and Delinquency in Hawaii (Center for Youth Research, University of Hawaii, Manoa, 1992).