1. Diamond v Chakrabarty 206 United States Patent Quarterly 193 US patent 4,259,444.
2. Directive 98/44/EC of 6 July 1998, published in Official Journal of the European Communities, 30 July 1998.
3. Moral Dilemmas in the History of Patent Legislation, Bryan Karet, in Eposium 1992, Genetic Engineering and the New Challenge, European Patent Office, Munich.
4. United Kingdom Patents Act 1977 Section 60 (5) (a) and (b) and Community Patent Convention, Article 31 (a) and (b).
5. See Dworkin, G. and Kennedy, I. (1993) Human Tissues: Rights in the Body and its Parts, 193, 1 Medical Law Review, 291–319.