1. Kirwan WO, Fazio VW, Turnbull RB Jr: Unpublished data
2. Parks AG: Transanal technique in low rectal anastomosis. Proc R Soc Med 65: 975, 1972
3. Turnbull RB Jr: Personal communication to the author
4. Waugh JM, Turner JC Jr: A study of 268 patients with carcinoma of the midrectum treated by abdominoperineal resection with sphincter preservation. Surg Gynecol Obstet 107: 777, 1958