Abstract
AbstractDue to a large number of degrees of freedom and connected powertrain functionalities, the development of operating strategies for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles is an especially complex task. Besides optimizations of drivability, noise, vibrations and harshness as well as energy efficiency, the main challenge lies in ensuring emissions conformity. For this purpose, test vehicles are typically applied to achieve a realistic test and validation environment. However, operating strategy calibration using test vehicles has the drawbacks, that (i) it is very time consuming and cost intensive, (ii) it can only be conducted in late development phases and (iii) cannot be applied to reproducing driving loads for a valid comparison. To overcome these issues, this paper presents a consistent engine-in-the-loop approach combining real engine hardware and multiple software elements to represent PHEV behavior at the engine test bench. Thereby, an environment is created, which allows for realistic, flexible, cost efficient and reproducible testing. The effectiveness of the presented framework is evaluated by comparing relevant on-road measurements with their reproduction at the engine test bench. The results show that the vehicle on-road behavior can be replicated using the described testing environment. Particularly engine start/stop behavior and load levels—the core functionalities for operating strategy calibration—are matched. The proven level of realism in powertrain behavior enables further use cases beyond on-road measurement reproduction, i.e. varying individual component properties and observing real-world consequences at the test bench without the need for vehicle tests.
Funder
Technische Universität Darmstadt
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference24 articles.
1. Council of the European Communities. Council Directive 91/441/EEC of 26 June 1991 amending Directive 70/220/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures to be taken against air pollution by emissions from motor vehicles. Official Journal of the European Communities. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:31991L0441&from=en (1991). Accessed 26 Jun 2020
2. European Commission. Commission regulation (EU) 2016/646 of 20 April 2016 amending Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 as regards emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6). Official Journal of the European Union. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32016R0646&from=EN (2016). Accessed 26 Jun 2020
3. Fathy, H.K., Filipi, Z.S., Hagena, J., Stein, J.L.: Review of hardware-in-the-loop simulation and its prospects in the automotive area. Proc. SPIE (2006). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.667794
4. Feng, T., Yang, L., Gu Q, Hu, Y., Yan, T., Yan, B.: A supervisory control strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on energy demand prediction and route preview. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2014.2336378
5. Frank, A.A.: Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles for a Sustainable Future. Am. Sci. (2007). https://doi.org/10.1511/2007.64.158
Cited by
3 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献