Magnetic resonance imaging at 9.4 T: the Maastricht journey

Author:

Ivanov DimoORCID,De Martino Federico,Formisano Elia,Fritz Francisco J.,Goebel Rainer,Huber Laurentius,Kashyap Sriranga,Kemper Valentin G.,Kurban Denizhan,Roebroeck Alard,Sengupta Shubharthi,Sorger Bettina,Tse Desmond H. Y.,Uludağ Kâmil,Wiggins Christopher J.,Poser Benedikt A.

Abstract

AbstractThe 9.4 T scanner in Maastricht is a whole-body magnet with head gradients and parallel RF transmit capability. At the time of the design, it was conceptualized to be one of the best fMRI scanners in the world, but it has also been used for anatomical and diffusion imaging. 9.4 T offers increases in sensitivity and contrast, but the technical ultra-high field (UHF) challenges, such as field inhomogeneities and constraints set by RF power deposition, are exacerbated compared to 7 T. This article reviews some of the 9.4 T work done in Maastricht. Functional imaging experiments included blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) and blood-volume weighted (VASO) fMRI using different readouts. BOLD benefits from shorter T2* at 9.4 T while VASO from longer T1. We show examples of both ex vivo and in vivo anatomical imaging. For many applications, pTx and optimized coils are essential to harness the full potential of 9.4 T. Our experience shows that, while considerable effort was required compared to our 7 T scanner, we could obtain high-quality anatomical and functional data, which illustrates the potential of MR acquisitions at even higher field strengths. The practical challenges of working with a relatively unique system are also discussed.

Funder

Nationaal Regieorgaan Onderwijsonderzoek

H2020 European Research Council

Stichting Zabawas

H2020 Future and Emerging Technologies

National Institute of Health

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology,Biophysics

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