T cell immunity rather than antibody mediates cross-protection against Zika virus infection conferred by a live attenuated Japanese encephalitis SA14-14-2 vaccine
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Published:2020-06-15
Issue:15
Volume:104
Page:6779-6789
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ISSN:0175-7598
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Container-title:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Author:
Wang Ran,Zhen Zida,Turtle Lance,Hou Baohua,Li Yueqi,Wu Na,Gao Na,Fan Dongying,Chen Hui,An Jing
Abstract
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are closely related to mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine SA14-14-2 has been in the Chinese national Expanded Program on Immunization since 2007. The recent recognition of severe disease syndromes associated with ZIKV, and the identification of ZIKV from mosquitoes in China, prompts an urgent need to investigate the potential interaction between the two. In this study, we showed that SA14-14-2 is protective against ZIKV infection in mice. JE vaccine SA14-14-2 triggered both Th1 and Th2 cross-reactive immune responses to ZIKV; however, it was cellular immunity that predominantly mediated cross-protection against ZIKV infection. Passive transfer of immune sera did not result in significant cross-protection but did mediate antibody-dependent enhancement in vitro, though this did not have an adverse impact on survival. This study suggests that the SA14-14-2 vaccine can protect against ZIKV through a cross-reactive T cell response. This is vital information in terms of ZIKV prevention or precaution in those ZIKV-affected regions where JEV circulates or SA14-14-2 is in widespread use, and opens a promising avenue to develop a novel bivalent vaccine against both ZIKV and JEV.
Key points
• JEV SA14-14-2 vaccine conferred cross-protection against ZIKV challenge in mice.
• T cell immunity rather than antibody mediated the cross-protection.
• It provides important information in terms of ZIKV prevention or precaution.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University Wellcome Trust EU Horizon 2020
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,General Medicine,Biotechnology
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