Abstract
AbstractRetinal diseases are leading causes of blindness globally. Developing new drugs is of great significance for preventing vision loss. Current drug discovery relies mainly on two-dimensional in vitro models and animal models, but translation to human efficacy and safety is biased. In recent years, the emergence of retinal organoid technology platforms, utilizing three-dimensional microenvironments to better mimic retinal structure and function, has provided new platforms for exploring pathogenic mechanisms and drug screening. This review summarizes the latest advances in retinal organoid technology, emphasizing its application advantages in high-throughput drug screening, efficacy and toxicity evaluation, and translational medicine research. The review also prospects the combination of emerging technologies such as organ-on-a-chip, 3D bioprinting, single cell sequencing, gene editing with retinal organoid technology, which is expected to further optimize retinal organoid models and advance the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference94 articles.
1. Sung, C. H., & Chuang, J. Z. (2010). The cell biology of vision. Journal of Cell Biology, 190(6), 953–963. https://doi.org/10.1083/JCB.201006020.
2. Flaxman, S. R., Bourne, R. R. A., Resnikoff, S., et al. (2017). Global causes of blindness and distance vision impairment 1990–2020: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health, 5(12), e1221–e1234. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30393-5.
3. Wong, C. H., Siah, K. W., & Lo, A. W. (2019). Estimation of clinical trial success rates and related parameters. Biostatistics, 20(2), 273–286. https://doi.org/10.1093/BIOSTATISTICS/KXX069.
4. Three-dimensional retinal organoids from mouse pluripotent stem cells mimic in vivo development with enhanced stratification and rod photoreceptor differentiation - PubMed. Accessed October 21 (2023). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27667917/.
5. Onyak, J. R., Vergara, M. N., & Renna, J. M. (2022). Retinal organoid light responsivity: Current status and future opportunities. Translational Research : The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 250, 98–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRSL.2022.06.001.