Abstract
AbstractRegenerative medicine has developed as a promising discipline that utilizes stem cells to address limitations in traditional therapies, using innovative techniques to restore and repair damaged organs and tissues. One such technique is the generation of three-dimensional (3D) organoids in stem cell therapy. Organoids are 3D constructs that resemble specific organs' structural and functional characteristics and are generated from stem cells or tissue-specific progenitor cells. The use of 3D organoids is advantageous in comparison to traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture by bridging the gap between in vivo and in vitro research. This review aims to provide an overview of the advancements made towards regenerative medicine using stem cells to generate organoids, explore the techniques used in generating 3D organoids and their applications and finally elucidate the challenges and future directions in regenerative medicine using 3D organoids.
Graphical Abstract
Funder
National Research Foundation of South Africa Thuthuka Instrument
Department of Science and Innovation (DSI) funded African Laser Centre
University Research Council
Department of Science and Innovation South African Research Chairs Initiative
National Research Foundation Doctoral Grant
University of Johannesburg
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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