Symptomatic and restorative therapies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
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Published:2021-09-05
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ISSN:0340-5354
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Container-title:Journal of Neurology
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language:en
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Short-container-title:J Neurol
Author:
Abboud HeshamORCID, Salazar-Camelo Andrea, George Naveen, Planchon Sarah M., Matiello Marcelo, Mealy Maureen A., Goodman Andrew, Alroughani Raed, Altintas Ayse, Apiwattanakul Metha, Asgari Nasrin, Paolilo Renata Barbosa, Bennett Jeffrey, Bichuetti Denis Bernardi, Blaschke Terrence F., Boyko Alexey, Broadley Simon, Carnero Contentti Edgar, Cohen Jeffrey A., Delgado-Garcia Guillermo, Basuroski Irena Dujmovic, Flores-Rivera Jose, Fujihara Kazuo, Havla Joachim, Hellwig Kerstin, Hor Jyh Yung, Huda Saif, Iorio Raffaele, Jarius Sven, Kimbrough Dorlan, Kister Ilya, Kleiter Ingo, Kissani Najib, Lana-Peixoto Marco, Leite Maria Isabel, Levy Michael, Maiga Youssoufa, Mao-Draayer Yang, Mariotto Sara, Melamed Esther, Neubrand Veronika E., Oreja-Guevara Celia, Palace Jacqueline, Pröbstel Anne-Katrin, Qian Peiqing, Quan Chao, Riley Claire, Ringelstein Marius, Sa Maria Jose, Siritho Sasitorn, Smith Terry J., de Castillo Ibis Soto, Tenembaum Silvia, Villoslada Pablo, Wuerfel Jens, Wingerchuk Dean, Yamout Bassem, Yeaman Michael,
Abstract
AbstractNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of autoimmune inflammatory conditions that primarily target the optic nerves, spinal cord, brainstem, and occasionally the cerebrum. NMOSD is characterized by recurrent attacks of visual, motor, and/or sensory dysfunction that often result in severe neurological deficits. In recent years, there has been a significant progress in relapse treatment and prevention but the residual disability per attack remains high. Although symptomatic and restorative research has been limited in NMOSD, some therapeutic approaches can be inferred from published case series and evidence from multiple sclerosis literature. In this review, we will discuss established and emerging therapeutic options for symptomatic treatment and restoration of function in NMOSD. We highlight NMOSD-specific considerations and identify potential areas for future research. The review covers pharmacologic, non-pharmacologic, and neuromodulatory approaches to neuropathic pain, tonic spasms, muscle tone abnormalities, sphincter dysfunction, motor and visual impairment, fatigue, sleep disorders, and neuropsychological symptoms. In addition, we briefly discuss remyelinating agents and mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in NMOSD.
Funder
Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Neurology (clinical),Neurology
Reference137 articles.
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